The Supreme Court’s ruling is a very important expansion of the public’s right to access to justice and government accountability overall

Stage 2 of DWatch’s case will now proceed challenging Ethics Commissioner’s ruling on former PM Trudeau violating the ethics law in WE Charity grant approval

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Thursday, July 30, 2026

OTTAWA – Today, Democracy Watch applauded the Supreme Court of Canada’s unanimous ruling on the Stage 1 appeal (SCC file #41576) in the court case it filed in June 2021.  The case challenges former federal Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner Mario Dion’s May 2021 ruling letting off former Prime Minister Trudeau even though participated in the WE Charity grant approval process where his spouse volunteered.

Democracy Watch was represented at the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) in the Stage 1 appeal by Sujit Choudhry of Circle Barristers and Paul Daly, Professor and Chair in Administrative Law and Governance at the University of Ottawa Faculty of Law.

The Attorney General of Canada (AGC) handles the case when the Ethics Commissioner is challenged in court, even though the Ethics Commissioner issues rulings on the AGC and other members of the federal Cabinet.  Cases challenging Ethics Commissioner rulings go straight to the Federal Court of Appeal (FCA).  In 2021, the AGC filed a motion to try to stop the case, arguing that DWatch didn’t have standing to pursue the case, and that errors in the Commissioner’s rulings can’t be challenged in court.

Justice Stratas of the FCA ruled in December 2022 that DWatch had public interest standing to pursue the case, but he then ruled in February 2023 that the FCA had to first consider at Stage 1 whether section 66 of the Conflict of Interest Act (which is known as a “partial privative clause”) prohibits challenging errors of fact and law in the Commissioner’s rulings in court.

The FCA subsequently issued a ruling in October 2024 that did not decide the partial privative clause issue but, instead, concluded (in paras. 79-92) that the Ethics Commissioner operates under Parliament and, therefore, appeals of errors of facts and law in Ethics Commissioner rulings should be filed with the Prime Minister and Parliament.  The SCC approved DWatch’s appeal application in spring 2025, and the appeal was heard on January 14-15, 2026 in Ottawa.

Democracy Watch’s legal arguments (and reply arguments) at the SCC contended that the Parliament of Canada Act states clearly that the Ethics Commissioner does not operate under Parliament when enforcing the Conflict of Interest Act (COIA), and that Parliament has no legal role in reviewing the Commissioner’s rulings.  As the FCA acknowledged in its ruling, the Commissioner was established in 2004 to take decision-making power on alleged violations away from partisan politicians.

In addition, DWatch (and the eight citizen organizations that intervened in the SCC appeal – click here and see list under “Parties” tab) argued that it is essential under the Constitution and the rule of law principle that the courts can review decisions of tribunals like the Ethics Commissioner to ensure they are enforcing laws properly and that, as a result, partial privative clauses are unconstitutional.

The SCC ruled unanimously that privative clauses are unconstitutional (paras. 6-8, 37-38, 39-76 and 86), setting a precedent that will allow for court cases across Canada that challenge errors in the rulings of any agency, board, commission or tribunal that has a “partial privative clause” in the statute that governs it.

“In a powerful set of historically informed, carefully crafted reasons by Chief Justice Wagner that will be read across Canada and the common law world the Supreme Court has unanimously confirmed that all Canadians have a constitutionally protected right to go to court to challenge unlawful government action,” said Paul Daly, co-counsel for Democracy Watch, Professor and Chair in Administrative Law and Governance at the University of Ottawa Faculty of Law. “This decision skillfully weaves together common law tradition and Canadian constitutional principle to make clear that judicial review is the ultimate safeguard against arbitrary exercises of state power, with Canada’s superior courts and federal courts as its guardians.”

“In an era where executives around the world have sought to assert broad and unlimited powers that are not reviewable by the courts, the Supreme Court of Canada has resoundingly proclaimed that will not occur in Canada. In clear and unequivocal terms, the Supreme Court has affirmed legal powers, by definition, are limited powers, and that it is the constitutional duty of the provincial superior courts and the federal courts to rule on the legality of executive power,” said Sujit Choudhry of Circle Barristers, co-counsel for Democracy Watch. “The Supreme Court’s decision is of global significance, and will be closely studied by courts around the world. Privative clauses are now unconstitutional because they interfere with the power of courts to perform this solemn constitutional duty.”

The SCC’s unanimous ruling on this Stage 1 issue in the case also sets a precedent (paras. 16, 22-38 and 77-88) that allows DWatch’s Stage 2 case to proceed challenging errors in the Ethics Commissioner’s Trudeau-WE Charity ruling, and also allows future cases challenging future Ethics Commissioner rulings.  Click here to see the Backgrounder summarizing the four key errors in the Ethics Commissioner’s ruling on the Trudeau-WE Charity scandal.

“In the particular context of the Conflict of Interest Act, the Chief Justice’s reasons strongly emphasize the importance of court oversight of the legality of decisions made by the Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner without underplaying the important role of parliamentarians in also contributing to the maintenance of the highest ethical standards in federal public administration. It is a great day for the rule of law in this country,” said Daly.

“The Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner’s decisions are no different than those of any other administrative decision-maker. While Parliament may ultimately determine the consequences of a breach of the Conflict of Interest Act, the Federal Court of Appeal has the power to ensure the Commissioner acts lawfully,” said Choudhry.

“Democracy Watch applauds the Supreme Court of Canada for ending a long-standing dispute over a key legal issue and setting a clear precedent that allows all future cases challenging errors in rulings by the Ethics Commissioner and, by extension, all agencies, boards, commissioners and tribunals across Canada, which is a great victory for access to justice across the country that will help ensure that all administrative law entities uphold and enforce the law properly,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch.

“The Prime Minister, premiers and Cabinets across Canada often appoint unqualified people, sometimes mainly because they are ruling-party supporters, as lapdogs to head up agencies, boards, commissions and tribunals, and have also shielded them from lawsuits even when they fail to properly enforce key laws that are aimed at stopping abuses of power by those same politicians and government officials, as well as laws that protect Canadian’s human rights, and the rights of consumers, workers, tenants, social welfare recipients, immigrants and many others, and protect communities and the environment,” said Conacher.  “It is very important for the public’s right of access to justice, and for government accountability overall, that the Supreme Court of Canada has made it clear that public has a clear right to challenge these agencies, boards, commissions and tribunals in court whenever their rulings contain serious errors.”

“Democracy Watch also applauds the Supreme Court for overturning the Federal Court of Appeal’s ruling and allowing its case to proceed challenging the Ethics Commissioner’s ruling that let off Prime Minister Trudeau for violating the federal government ethics law by participating in the WE Charity grant approval,” said Conacher.  “It is an important step in government ethics accountability that the Supreme Court made it clear that, in direct contrast to the Federal Court of Appeal’s ruling, that having appeals of errors in a ruling by the Ethics Commissioner go to the Prime Minister and MPs is not allowed under the federal government’s ethics law and also does not make sense, especially when the ruling, as in this case, involves the Prime Minister who would have been judging his own actions.”

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FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Government Ethics Campaign and Stop Fraud Politician Spending Campaign

Appeal issues are can a government can shield its decisions from existing laws and court review, and is Ontario Place a protected “public trust”?

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Thursday, July 16, 2026

TORONTO – A coalition of four citizen organizations – Ontario Place for All (OP4All), Toronto Field Naturalists, Democracy Watch, and the National Trust for Canada – has been approved to intervene in the appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) by Ontario Place Protectors (OPP) challenging the decision by Premier Doug Ford’s government to destroy Ontario Place and replace it with a spa.

The appeal (File #41805), which will be heard by the SCC on October 15, 2026, focuses on whether a government can shield its decisions and development of land from the requirements of existing laws and court review, and whether Ontario Place is a protected “public trust”. The coalition is represented by Jackie Esmonde, Sydney Lang and Clémence Thabet of the law firm Cavalluzzo LLP.

In 2023, OP4All launched a judicial review of the Ontario government’s Ontario Place redevelopment decisions.  Before the case could be heard, the Ford government passed the Rebuilding Ontario Place Act (ROPA), a law that effectively extinguished OP4All’s ability to proceed. OP4All’s case was dismissed right after the legislation passed.

OPP then challenged ROPA in court, arguing that the law is unconstitutional because it essentially removes the public’s right to challenge any decisions of the government concerning Ontario Place under existing environmental and heritage protection laws and generally through court cases and, as a result, shields the government’s decisions from review by the courts.

OPP also argued that there is, or should be, a legal “public trust doctrine” in Canada that protects land like Ontario Place that has environmental, ecological, historical and cultural significance.

The ONCA’s March 11, 2025 ruling rejected both of those arguments.  The SCC approved OPP’s application to appeal on January 8, 2026.

The coalition’s factum supports OPP’s position that ROPA is unconstitutional, and that a “public trust doctrine” should be established and applied to protect Ontario Place and similar significant heritage properties.

“The Supreme Court’s ruling will determine how far any government in Canada can go in carving out exemptions from environmental, heritage, and public participation law for projects it favours politically,” said Ann Elisabeth Samson, Co-Chair of Ontario Place for All.

“The Supreme Court has an opportunity to restore Canadians’ right to protest and prevent governments from arbitrarily restricting those rights to push controversial projects through without adequate environmental and heritage oversight,” said Lynn Miller, President of Toronto Field Naturalists.

“The Supreme Court will hopefully strike down the law that Doug Ford’s government enacted to destroy Ontario Place because it is dangerously undemocratic and gives him and his cabinet unconstitutional, king-like powers to bulldoze an important historical site without review under environmental or heritage laws, and unconstitutionally blocks the public from challenging the government’s actions in court,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch.

“Legal approaches similar to those used in the Rebuilding Ontario Place Act, overriding established protections for heritage and the environment, are now being used to advance projects elsewhere. The precedent established in this case, if unchallenged, would have devastating consequences for heritage places across the country,” said Dr. Patricia Kell, CEO of The National Trust for Canada.

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:

Duff Conacher
Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Email: [email protected]
Cell: 416-546-3443

Ann Elisabeth Samson
Co-Chair, Ontario Place for All
Email: [email protected]
Cell: 647-880-8237

Lynn Miller
President, Toronto Field Naturalists
Email: [email protected]
Cell: 647-828-5966

Dr. Patricia Kell
CEO, The National Trust for Canada
Email: [email protected]
Tel: 613-237-1066

---

Democracy Watch’s Stop PM/Premier Power Abuses Campaign

Committee even ignores Attorney General’s commitment to close “astro-turf” lobbying loophole in the law

Even worse, Committee calls for new loopholes to be added to the law – the loopholes also make secret foreign interference in B.C. politics easy

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Tuesday, June 23, 2026

TORONTO – Today, Democracy Watch called on the B.C. NDP government to ignore the report of the Special Committee on the Lobbyists Transparency Act because it failed to recommend closing the many loopholes that allow for secret, unethical lobbying at the provincial and municipal level across B.C., and it actually called for new loopholes to be added to the lobbying law.

Last September, Democracy Watch filed a 26-page submission with the Special Committee during its public consultation phase that detailed all the loopholes in B.C.’s lobbying law, and set out 30 key measures needed to stop secret, unethical lobbying.

A national survey that Democracy Watch commissioned from Nanos Research in January 2025 showed more than 80% of Canadians want to know about all lobbying activities, and are concerned about the corrupting effects of secret, unethical lobbying on politicians’ policy-making decisions.

The Special Committee released its report on April 22nd, and failed to recommend closing even one of many secret, unethical lobbying loopholes in the law.

The Special Committee even ignored the commitment by B.C. Attorney General Niki Sharma made in October 2024 to close the loophole in the law that does not require registration and disclosure of campaigns that appeal to voters to contact provincial politicians to call for the changes the lobbyist wants, campaigns that often pretend to be grassroots and citizen-driven but are actually “astro-turf” campaigns backed by businesses. The commitment was made after CBC and the Investigative Journalism Foundation jointly revealed such an astro-turf campaign in B.C.The federal government and Alberta, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, P.E.I., Quebec, Saskatchewan and, for in-house organization lobbying only, the Yukon Territory all have rules that require disclosure of such “grassroots” campaigns.

Even worse, the Committee recommended the following changes to the law that will increase the size of several secret, unethical lobbying loopholes in the law:

• allow staff at any organization to lobby up to 50 hours without disclosing their lobbying (Recs. 1-2 — currently only small organizations that do not primarily lobby for their members/supporters interests are allowed to lobby in secret for up to 50 hours);
• allow secret lobbying re: contracts with government institutions (Recs. 5-6);
• remove the requirement to report details of each lobbying communication and instead only require summaries of the number and topics of communications (Rec. 11);
• extend the deadline for registering lobbying from 10 days after the lobbying activity to 60 days (Rec. 9), and change monthly reporting to quarterly (Rec. 10) and change monthly reporting of gifts given to office holders to quarterly reporting (Rec. 15);
• remove the requirement to register if you arrange meetings with office holders (Rec. 13);
• remove the requirement to report gifts promised to office holders (Rec. 14 — only gifts given would be required to be reported);
• remove the limit on wining and dining politicians (Rec. 18 — meaning remove the limit on the gift of hospitality).

“B.C.’s lobbying law allows for secret, unethical lobbying and legalized bribery that corrupts policy-making by the provincial government and municipal councils and leads to decisions that protect private interests, ignore voters’ concerns, waste the public’s money, and harm the environment and cities and towns across the province, and facilitates secret foreign interference in B.C. politics” said Duff Conacher, PhD and Co-founder of Democracy Watch.

“The committee’s recommendations ignore huge loopholes in the law that allow for secret, unethical lobbying that corrupts government decision-making processes and, even worse, the committee calls for changes that will increase the size of the loopholes which will increase the amount of unethical, secretive favour-trading and deals between lobbyists and the provincial government, and also facilitate more secret foreign interference in B.C. politics,” said Conacher.

“The committee also ignored the ongoing problem of secret, unethical lobbying of municipal governments across B.C., and made no recommendations about extending the law to cover local government lobbying,” said Conacher.

B.C.’s lobbying law has the following huge loopholes that allow for secret, unethical lobbying at the provincial and municipal levels (and these loopholes also allow for secret foreign interference in B.C. politics):

1. The law only applies to lobbying of provincial politicians and government officials. Surrey and Kelowna have set up lobbying registries, but other municipalities in the province haven’t.  The province should establish a province-wide municipal registry to ensure best-practice lobbying disclosure and ethics requirements across the province.
2. Lobbyists are allowed to fundraise and campaign for, and assist in other ways, politicians they are lobbying (which is essentially legalized bribery), because B.C.’s lobbying law does not prohibit this (lobbyists are only required to comply with some non-governmental organization’s code of conduct);
3. While lobbyists can only give gifts worth $100 annually to provincial politicians and officials, they can give unlimited gifts to nomination contestants, and to political party officials and party leadership contestants who are not an MLA (which is also essentially legalized bribery);
4. Unpaid lobbying is not required to be disclosed;
5. Lobbying in response to a written request from a politician, political staff person or government official is not required to be disclosed;
6. Lobbying by a business or organization with fewer than six employees who collectively lobby less than 50 hours a year is not required to be disclosed (unless the organization’s primary purpose is advocacy, and then it is required to register all of its lobbying);
7. Lobbying of provincial political party officials (who can easily pass on the lobbyist’s message to party leaders) is not required to be disclosed;
8. Lobbying of an enforcement agency that oversees a business or organization is not required to be disclosed;
9. “Grassroots” appeals to voters to contact politicians to call for changes the lobbyist wants do not have to be registered to disclose who is backing the appeal;
10. The amount spent on a lobbying effort (including the amount paid to “hired gun” consultant lobbyists) is not required to be disclosed;
11. Only donations of $1,000 or more to a lobby group are required to be disclosed;
12. The loopholes that allow for secret lobbying mean that the limits on gifts do not apply to lobbyists who are not required to register, and there is not actually a prohibition on Cabinet ministers and top government officials lobbying for 2 years after they leave office (it is only a prohibition on doing registrable lobbying – also, the prohibition should be for at least 5 years).

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Stop Secret Unethical Lobbying Campaign and World’s Best Democracy Fund

If former Integrity Commissioner – who was a lapdog with a very weak enforcement record – was aware of advisor’s involvement with mining company and still approved the job switch, that was very negligent

Integrity Commissioner should also investigate Cabinet minister to determine if he violated ethics law by participating in discussions re: mining company

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
June 15, 2026

TORONTO – Democracy Watch released the letter it has sent to Ontario Integrity Commissioner Cathryn Motherwell calling on her to investigate and rule on whether a former Minister of Mines advisor violated the provincial public servants ethics law when he left a senior position in the minister’s office in December 2024 and started working right away for Kinross Gold Corporation, as revealed in yesterday’s Toronto Star article.

Democracy Watch’s letter also calls on Commissioner Motherwell to investigate the minister involved to determine if he has violated the ethics law for provincial politicians by participating in any discussions concerning Kinross Gold since his senior advisor went to work for Kinross.

As Democracy Watch’s letter details, its opinion, based on the evidence revealed by the Star, and the provisions of the ethics law, is that former Integrity Commissioner J. David Wake should not have approved Kevin Rombout, former Deputy Director of Policy for then-Minister of Mines George Pirie, moving from the government to work for Kinross, given he was involved in the Ontario government’s review of Kinross’ Great Bear gold mine project.

Democracy Watch’s letter calls on Commissioner Motherwell to reverse the approval, and also to call for the Commissioner to be empowered to impose penalties on public servants who leave their government jobs but have violated their ethics law, as currently the only possible penalty is suspension or dismissal from their government job (which is a meaningless penalty given they have already left their job).

The Public Service of Ontario Act (PSOA) and O.Reg. 382/07 under that law, prohibit minister’s staff from: giving preferential treatment to anyone or any entity (section 6 of the PSOA); working on any proceeding, transaction or negotiation in government and then going to work for the private entity involved in the matter (section 20 of the reg.); using confidential government information in any business or undertaking after they leave their government position (section 17 of the reg.), and; going to work for any person or entity for one year after they leave their government position if they have had access to any confidential information that would give an unfair advantage to the outside entity (section 19 of the reg.).

Ontario’s Members’ Integrity Act (MIA) prohibits provincial politicians from, among other things, participating in discussions when they have an opportunity to “improperly” further the interests of any person or entity (sections 2 and 4 and 8).  Given George Pirie is now Minister of Northern Economic Development and Growth, it is reasonable to assume that he would have continued, after Mr. Rombout left his office to go to work for Kinross, to be involved in meetings concerning the Ontario government’s review of Kinross’ Great Bear gold mine project.

As a result, Democracy Watch’s letter calls on Commissioner Motherwell to investigate and issue a public ruling on whether Minister Pirie has violated the MIA by participating in any discussions concerning Kinross since Mr. Rombout started working for Kinross.

“It’s possible that Mr. Rombout may have misled former Integrity Commissioner Wake about the extent of his involvement with decisions that affected Kinross when he was an adviser to the minister of mines, but if the commissioner knew about the extent of Rombout’s involvement and still approved him going to work for Kinross, that was a negligently bad decision that completely ignored Ontario’s government ethics law,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch.  “Integrity Commissioner Motherwell should reverse the decision, and also investigate and rule on whether the minister has also violated the ethics law by participating in discussions about mining company since his former advisor left to go to work for company.”

Commissioner Wake has a very weak enforcement record during his term in office from February 2016 to February 2025, letting off many clear violations, including:

1. He approved of the fundraising events partially organized by businesses involved in the privatization of Hydro One and attended by Ontario Liberal Cabinet ministers Bob Chiarelli and Charles Sousa, who were responsible for the privatization process;

2. He let off Premier Ford even though he participated in the decision to appoint his old friend Ron Taverner as OPP Commissioner, and as an executive at the Ontario Cannabis Store;

3. He also let off members of Ford’s staff even though he had clear evidence they gave Taverner preferential treatment in violation of the rules;

4. He let off Ford even though he appointed his campaign adviser and staffperson Jenni Byrne to the Ontario Energy Board, and appointed his family lawyer to chair the Public Accountants Council, and;

5. He let off dozens of lobbyists for clear violations of Ontario’s lobbying law, thereby encouraging a culture of corruption that at least partially caused the Greenbelt scandal and the Skills Development Fund scandal, among other Ford government scandals.

“Unfortunately, Ontario’s former Integrity Commissioner rolled over like a lapdog many times and approved of clearly unethical activities by the Premier, Cabinet ministers, government officials and lobbyists instead of strongly enforcing Ontario’s key political ethics and democratic good government laws,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch. “Hopefully current Integrity Commissioner Motherwell will start, finally, to enforce these key democracy laws properly, strongly and strictly.”

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Government Ethics Campaign and Stop Secret, Unethical Lobbying Campaign

80%+ voters want “dirty dozen” secret lobbying loopholes closed — loopholes facilitate foreign interference

80%+ voters also want loopholes in lobbying code closed to stop unethical favour-trading between lobbyists and politicians

Commissioner and RCMP have let off 99.9% of violations of lobbying law and code in secret rulings without the lobbyist being identified or penalized

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Monday, June 8, 2026

OTTAWA – Late this afternoon, Democracy Watch Co-founder Duff Conacher will testify at a hearing of the House Ethics Committee as it continues its nine-year overdue review of the federal Lobbying Act.  DWatch will call on the Committee to recommend key changes to close huge loopholes in the Act and the Lobbyists’ Code of Conduct that allow for secret, unethical lobbying, and key changes to ensure independent, timely, transparent, effective and accountable enforcement by the Commissioner of Lobbying and RCMP, both of which have negligently bad enforcement records.

There are a “dirty dozen” secret lobbying loopholes in the Act, and four unethical lobbying loopholes in the Code that were added by Commissioner of Lobbying Nancy Bélanger and the Ethics Committee in July 2023.

The secrecy loopholes allow for lobbying mainly by big businesses that is not required to be disclosed in the federal Registry of Lobbyists if: the lobbyist is not paid to lobby; is lobbying about enforcement of a law or regulation or for a tax credit; is an employee lobbying less than 8 hours a month; or is lobbying a political party official.  Most lobbying communications are also not required to be disclosed in the Registry. The secrecy loopholes also facilitate foreign interference in federal politics.

Unregistered lobbyists are not required to comply with the few ethics rules in the Code.  The secret lobbying loopholes also allow politicians to leave office and start doing unregistered lobbying right away.  The so-called five-year ban on lobbying after leaving your position only applies to lobbying that is required to be registered under the Act.

The unethical lobbying loopholes in the Code allow registered lobbyists to secretly fundraise and campaign for party leaders, politicians and parties, and assist them in other ways and give them gifts, while lobbying them at the same time or soon afterwards.  Lobbyists are also allowed to lobby for conflicting interests, and to use secret information obtained from public officials.

A national survey that Democracy Watch commissioned from Nanos Research in January 2025 showed more than 80% of Canadians want to know about all lobbying activities, and are concerned about the corrupting effects of secret, unethical lobbying on politicians’ policy-making decisions.

More than 40 lawyers and professors, many of them leading experts in government ethics, and 26 citizen groups with a total membership of 1.5 million Canadians, and more than 20,000 voters who signed on to Democracy Watch’s petition on Change.org or its letter-writing campaign, have called on federal parties to reverse the gutting of the Lobbyists’ Code so that lobbyists would again be prohibited from assisting politicians and lobbying them at the same time or soon afterwards.

“It’s outrageous that MPs from all parties have for decades left open loopholes in the federal lobbying law that allow for secret lobbying, and that they all worked with the Commissioner of Lobbying to create new loopholes to allow lobbyists to essentially secretly bribe federal politicians with fundraising, working on campaigns and other favours,” said Conacher.  “The committee must call for changes to close all of these loopholes to stop the secret, corrupt favour-trading between lobbyists and politicians that is currently legal and that taints every federal policy-making and government spending process.”

The loopholes, combined with the negligently bad enforcement record  Commissioner Bélanger and the RCMP, make the federal lobbying law and code a sad joke.  They have let off 99.9% of violations of lobbying law and code in secret rulings without the lobbyist being identified or penalized.

Commissioner Bélanger’s and the RCMP’s horrible enforcement record makes it clear that many changes are needed to the Act to require them to enforce the Act and Code strictly, strongly, effectively and transparently.  The Commissioner must be chosen through an independent process, not through the current ruling party Cabinet-controlled process that the Federal Court of Appeal has ruled is biased, with no possibility of re-appointment for a second term.

The Commissioner must also be required to conduct regular audits, and to issue a public ruling and impose a penalty for all violations, and the public must be given the right to challenge the Commissioner in court for failing to enforce the Act or Code properly.

“The rules in every law and code are just words on paper until they are enforced effectively, and the Commissioner of Lobbying and RCMP have completely failed for decades to enforce the federal lobbying law and code, and their negligently bad enforcement record has encouraged secret, unethical lobbying that corrupts every federal policy-making and government spending process,” said Conacher.  “The media, and the public, often look for examples of what politicians are doing for lobbyists in return for the favours lobbyists do for politicians, but they should realize that lobbyists often want politicians to return their favours by doing nothing – by not regulating big businesses, not protecting consumers, workers or the environment, not cutting business subsidies and tax credits, and not taxing them.”

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Stop Secret, Unethical Lobbying Campaign, Stop Foreign Interference in Canadian Politics Campaign and Stop Bad Government Appointments Campaign

As a result, Bill C-25, and Canada’s election law, still allow one voter to spend millions influencing a federal election, mostly in secret

Foreign “proxies” and wealthy Canadians and lobbyists also still allowed to spend unlimited funds in secret in nomination and party leadership contests, including on disinformation campaigns, and to hide their funders, and to fundraise in secret, and high donation limits make it easy to funnel big money into the political system

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Thursday, June 4, 2026

OTTAWA – Today, Democracy Watch criticized Liberal MPs on the House Procedure and House Affairs Committee for voting against key changes (on May 28 or June 2) proposed by opposition MPs to Bill C-25, which changes Canada’s federal election law.  The changes are needed to close the huge loopholes in the law that allow for secret, undemocratic and unethical spending, fundraising, donations, loans, and disinformation campaigns by wealthy Canadians, lobbyists and front groups funded by foreign governments, businesses and other organizations.

Democracy Watch Co-founder Duff Conacher testified before the Committee on May 26th and filed a list of 20 key changes needed to the Bill.

Only Liberal MPs on the Committee voted against the following change proposed by Conservative MP Michael Cooper:

1. To require all “third party” interest groups to track and disclose the source of the funds they spend to influence elections and by-elections (clauses 19 and 23 of Bill C-25).

Only Liberal MPs on the Committee voted against the following changes proposed by NDP MP Don Davies:

1. To require the date and time of regulated fundraising events to be published in advance (clause 28);

2. To require the postal code of a regulated fundraising event to be published after the event (clause 29);

3. To require parties to return donations made at fundraising events that are not publicly reported as required by the Canada Elections Act (CEA) (clause 30), and;

4. To retain several measures in the CEA that make it a violation for various people and entities to fail to disclose a public report providing details about a regulated fundraising event (clause 61).

As a result of the Mark Carney Liberal government proposing a loophole-filled Bill C-25, and Liberal MPs voting against the above changes to Bill C-25, Canada’s election law (the CEA) continues to allow the following secret, undemocratic, unethical activities, either legally or effectively:

•  One voter will still be allowed to spend millions influencing a federal election, mostly in secret;

•  Foreign front group “proxies” and wealthy Canadian voters and interest groups (“third parties”) will still be allowed to spend unlimited funds in secret to influence nomination and party leadership contests (unlike in the U.S.);

•  Everyone, especially foreigners, will still be allowed to mislead voters with disinformation campaigns making false claims about any issue, and making many false claims about party leaders and candidates;

•  Foreign front “proxies” and “third parties” (Canadian voters and interest groups) will still be allowed to hide their funders (unlike in the U.S.);

•  Everyone (including lobbyists for big businesses, unions and other organizations) will still be allowed to secretly fundraise, campaign and do other secret favours for parties, party leaders, riding associations, candidates and nomination and party leadership contestants, and;

•  Everyone will still be allowed to funnel big money amounts into the federal political system because of the much-too-high annual federal donation and loan limit.

Among the 20 key changes Democracy Watch called on the Committee to make to Bill C-25 are the following overall sets of changes:

1. Prohibit all false claims made by anyone at any time anywhere about elections and other processes in Canada, including false election promises by parties and party leaders.

2. Prohibit the publishing of survey results in the few days before the election, given how easy it is to mislead voters with an invalid survey.

3. Prohibit foreign influence activities that are currently legal.

4. Prohibit foreigners and people under age 18 from voting in nomination and party leadership contests.

5. Require public disclosure of staff, top-level volunteers and campaigners, fundraisers (and amounts raised and how) by nomination and party leadership contestants, candidates, riding associations and parties, and disclosure of all volunteers to Elections Canada.

6. Require all third parties to register and disclose all their donors and spending if they spend more than $100 during a nomination contest, party leadership contest, or during a pre-election period, election period or policy-making process, including trying to influence political party officials, and prohibit them from colluding with contestants.

7. Only allow a third-party individual to spend $100, and citizen groups to spend an amount based on how many voters actually support them, and prohibit business “third parties” from spending at all, during contests, elections and policy-making processes.

“Bill C-25 proposes some ineffective half-measures that won’t stop the undemocratic influence of wealthy interests, disinformation or foreign interference on Canada’s elections, and Liberal MPs on the committee voted against all the changes proposed by opposition MP to strengthen many measures and make other key changes to close many other huge, unethical and undemocratic loopholes in Canada’s election law,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch.  “The Liberals’ Bill C-25 also proposes to add a loophole to the law that will make it essentially impossible to determine if a lobbyist or someone who wants something from politicians is helping organize or holding a fundraising event for a party, riding association or candidate, and that secrecy is a recipe for corruption, waste of the public’s money and other abuses.”

“The only way to stop foreign big money from flowing into Canada’s political finance system is to stop big money donations and loans,” said Conacher.  “As long as big money donations and loans are allowed, it will be easy for foreign governments, businesses and organizations to funnel large amounts of money secretly to nomination and party leadership contestants, election candidates, riding associations and parties.”

“Loopholes in key laws mean third-party businesses, organizations and individuals are currently allowed to spend an unlimited amount of money in secret supporting or opposing nomination and party leadership contestants, to hide the identity of their funders, and to lobby Cabinet ministers, government officials, politicians and political party officials in secret, unethical ways,” said Conacher.  “These loopholes must be closed or third parties will continue to be used as fronts for foreign governments and entities to interfere in and influence Canadian elections and government policy-making processes in secret, unethical and undemocratic ways.”

Liberal and Conservative MPs on the Committee also voted against the following changes proposed by Bloc MP Christine Normandin:

1. To Bill C-25 reduce the annual donation limit to each party to $500, and to each parties’ riding associations to $500, and to party leadership contestants to $1,000 (clause 25.1);

(NOTE: Another change proposed by MP Normandin, to cancel the current tax rebate for political donations, which mostly goes to wealthy donors, and use the money to restore per-vote quarterly public funding for the parties, was ruled out of order by the Liberal MP who chairs the Committee (clause 35.1)).

The loopholes in other key laws that need to be closed to ensure fair, democratic, ethical elections, and to stop foreign interference, are set out in Democracy Watch’s final submission to the Hogue Inquiry (Click here to see details), including:

1. Prohibit anonymous social media accounts and Internet sites, and bots.

2. Prohibit media and social media outlets from allowing posts with false claims, including fake videos and audio files.

3. Have complaints about disinformation go to federal agencies, boards, commissions and tribunals (ABCTs) that already have expertise in various issue areas.

4. Empower the ABCTs to order Internet and social media companies to remove false posts and webpages, and to block sites that refuse to remove or prevent false claims from being posted on their site.

5. Empower the ABCTs to penalize misleaders and misleading social media companies and websites with significant fines.

6. Make all enforcement ABCTs, including the RCMP and CSIS, fully independent from Cabinet, with the heads appointed through an independent process, and require them to do regular, random audits, to issue public rulings after reviewing any situation, and make them accountable to the courts for proper enforcement of whichever law they enforce.

7. Lower the annual donation and loan limit to $75 which is the amount that 75% of donors give, as DWatch’s study of donations from 2016-2022 showed (to match Quebec’s world-leading $100 donation limit);

8. Prohibit financial institutions from making loans (if parties can prove they need more funds than they can raise from voters in $75 donations, establish matching and per-vote public funding and a public loan fund to close the gap).

9. Prohibit giving fake jobs, compensation or other benefits or advantages to anyone who is considering running in a nomination or party leadership contest, and to contestants, election candidates or political party officials.

10. Prohibit donations to nomination contestants, candidates and electoral district associations (EDAs) from outside the electoral district.

11. Require disclosure of all the identity of all donors/lenders and the amount donated/loaned, and spending, before voting begins, and require quarterly disclosure between elections of donations, loans and spending by EDAs and parties.

12. Close all the loopholes that currently allow for secret lobbying, and prohibit lobbyists from sponsoring interns in MP offices.

13. Reverse the changes made to the Lobbyists’ Code in 2023 so lobbyists will again be prohibited from fundraising, campaigning and assisting politicians and party leaders.

14. Prohibit politicians, their staff, Cabinet appointees and government employees from having outside jobs, secret investments, and from accepting gifts or other benefits, and prohibit them from taking part in decision-making processes when they have even an appearance of a conflict of interest.

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Stop Foreign Interference in Canadian Politics Campaign and Honesty in Politics Campaign and Money in Politics Campaign and Stop Secret Unethical Lobbying Campaign and Government Ethics Campaign and Stop Bad Government Appointments Campaign

Bill C-25 allows one voter to spend millions influencing a federal election, mostly in secret

Foreign “proxies” and wealthy Canadians and lobbyists also allowed to spend unlimited funds in secret in nomination and party leadership contests, including on disinformation campaigns, and to hide their funders, and to fundraise in secret, and high donation limits make it easy to funnel big money into political system

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Tuesday, May 26, 2026

OTTAWA – Today, as Democracy Watch testifies at noon before the House Procedure and House Affairs Committee on Bill C-25, which changes Canada’s federal election law, DWatch released the list it has filed with the Committee of 20 key changes needed to the Bill.  The changes are needed to close the huge loopholes in the elections law that allow for secret, undemocratic and unethical spending, fundraising, donations, loans, and disinformation campaigns by wealthy Canadians, lobbyists and front groups funded by foreign governments, businesses and other organizations.

If Bill C-25 is not amended by the Committee, and is enacted in its current form, all of the following undemocratic, unethical activities will continue to be allowed, either legally or effectively because of loopholes in Canada’s election law:

•  One voter will still be allowed to spend millions influencing a federal election, mostly in secret;

•  Foreign front group “proxies” and wealthy Canadian voters and interest groups (“third parties”) will still be allowed to spend unlimited funds in secret to influence nomination and party leadership contests (unlike in the U.S.);

•  Everyone, especially foreigners, will still be allowed to mislead voters with disinformation campaigns making false claims about any issue;

•  Foreign “proxies” and “third parties” (Canadian voters and interest groups) will still be allowed to hide their funders (unlike in the U.S.);

•  Everyone (including lobbyists for big businesses, unions and other organizations) will still be allowed to secretly fundraise and do other secret favours for parties, party leaders, riding associations, candidates and nomination and party leadership contestants, and;

•  Everyone will still be allowed to funnel big money amounts into the federal political system because of the much-too-high federal donation and loan limit of more than $3,500 annually (75% of voters only donate $75 each year).

Among the 20 key changes Democracy Watch’s calls on the Committee to make to Bill C-25, all of which are legal amendments, are the following overall sets of changes:

1. Prohibit all false claims made by anyone at any time anywhere about elections and other processes in Canada, including false election promises by parties and party leaders.

2. Prohibit the publishing of survey results in the few days before the election, given how easy it is to mislead voters with an invalid survey.

3. Prohibit foreign influence activities that are currently legal.

4. Prohibit foreigners and people under age 18 from voting in nomination and party leadership contests.

5. To ensure conflicts of interest caused by political favours can be tracked, require public disclosure of staff, top-level volunteers and campaigners, fundraisers (and amounts raised and how) by nomination and party leadership contestants, candidates, riding associations and parties, and disclosure of all volunteers to Elections Canada.

6. Require third parties to register and disclose all their donors and spending if they spend more than $100 during a nomination contest, party leadership contest, or during a pre-election period, election period or policy-making process, including trying to influence political party officials, and prohibit them from colluding with contestants.

7. Only allow a third-party individual to spend $100, and citizen groups to spend an amount based on how many voters actually support them, and prohibit business “third parties” from spending at all, during contests, elections and policy-making processes.

8. Only allow citizen group “third parties” to spend money raised from Canadian citizens and permanent residents.

“Bill C-25 proposes some ineffective half-measures that won’t stop the undemocratic influence of wealthy interests, disinformation and foreign interference on Canada’s elections, and MPs on the committee should take the opportunity to strengthen these measures and make other key changes to close many other huge, unethical and undemocratic loopholes in Canada’s election law,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch.  “Bill C-25 also proposes to add a new loophole to the law that will make it essentially impossible to determine if a lobbyist or someone who wants something from politicians is helping organize or holding a fundraising event for a party, riding association or candidate, and that secrecy is a recipe for corruption, waste of the public’s money and other abuses.”

Many more changes are needed to ensure fair, democratic, ethical elections, and to stop foreign interference, and Democracy Watch’s final submission to the Hogue Inquiry called on the Inquiry’s final report to recommend these changes (Click here to see details), including:

1. Prohibit anonymous social media accounts and Internet sites, and bots.

2. Prohibit media and social media outlets from allowing posts with false claims, including fake videos and audio files.

3. Have complaints about disinformation go to federal agencies, boards, commissions and tribunals (ABCTs) that already have expertise in various issue areas.

4. Empower the ABCTs to order Internet and social media companies to remove false posts and webpages, and to block sites that refuse to remove or prevent false claims from being posted on their site.

5. Empower the ABCTs to penalize misleaders and misleading social media companies and websites with significant fines.

6. Lower the annual donation and loan limit to $75 which is the amount that 75% of donors give, as DWatch’s study of donations from 2016-2022 showed (to match Quebec’s world-leading $100 donation limit);

7. Prohibit financial institutions from making loans (if parties can prove they need more funds than they can raise from voters in $75 donations, establish matching and per-vote public funding and a public loan fund to close the gap).

8. Prohibit giving fake jobs, compensation or other benefits or advantages to anyone who is considering running in a nomination or party leadership contest, and to contestants, election candidates or political party officials.

9. Prohibit donations to nomination contestants, candidates and electoral district associations (EDAs) from outside the electoral district.

10. Require disclosure of all the identity of all donors/lenders and the amount donated/loaned, and spending, before voting begins, and require quarterly disclosure between elections of donations, loans and spending by EDAs and parties.

11. Close all the loopholes that currently allow for secret lobbying, and prohibit lobbyists from sponsoring interns in MP offices.

12. Reverse the changes made to the Lobbyists’ Code in 2023 so lobbyists will again be prohibited from fundraising, campaigning and assisting politicians and party leaders.

13. Prohibit politicians, their staff, Cabinet appointees and government employees from having outside jobs, secret investments, and from accepting gifts or other benefits, and prohibit them from taking part in decision-making processes when they have even an appearance of a conflict of interest.

14. Make all enforcement ABCTs, including the RCMP and CSIS, fully independent from Cabinet, with the heads appointed through an independent process, and require them to do regular, random audits, to issue public rulings after reviewing any situation, and make them accountable to the courts for proper enforcement of whichever law they enforce.

“The only way to stop foreign big money from flowing into Canada’s political finance system is to stop big money donations and loans,” said Conacher.  “As long as big money donations and loans are allowed, it will be easy for foreign governments, businesses and organizations to funnel large amounts of money secretly to nomination and party leadership contestants, election candidates, riding associations and parties.”

“Loopholes in key laws mean third-party businesses, organizations and individuals are currently allowed to spend an unlimited amount of money in secret supporting or opposing nomination and party leadership contestants, to hide the identity of their funders, and to lobby Cabinet ministers, government officials, politicians and political party officials in secret, unethical ways,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch. “These loopholes must be closed or third parties will continue to be used as fronts for foreign governments and entities to interfere in and influence Canadian elections and government policy-making processes in secret, unethical and undemocratic ways.”

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Stop Foreign Interference in Canadian Politics Campaign and Honesty in Politics Campaign and Money in Politics Campaign and Stop Secret Unethical Lobbying Campaign and Government Ethics Campaign and Stop Bad Government Appointments Campaign

At least 895 law-breaking lobbyists have been let off in secret rulings without being identified publicly, and without any penalty

Commissioner also gutted key rules in the lobbying code in ways that allow for unethical lobbying

House Ethics Committee must recommend many key changes to close loopholes in the law and code, and to require effective enforcement

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Wednesday, May 20, 2026

OTTAWA – Today, Democracy Watch released its report on Commissioner of Lobbying Nancy Bélanger’s negligently weak enforcement record of the federal Lobbying Act and Lobbyists’ Code of Conduct since she started in the position in January 2018 through to October 2025.  Given her incredibly bad record, Bélanger should not have been re-appointed to a second term as Commissioner in November 2024, and the House Ethics Committee clearly needs to push the government to strengthen the Act and require effective enforcement.

Commissioner Bélanger, in testimony on October 6, 2025 before the House of Commons Ethics Committee, admitted that she allows up to 10 violations of the Lobbying Act every week by lobbyists who fail to disclose their lobbying activities by the required deadlines (See p. 17 of testimony just above the 1245 mark, and p. 19 at the top of the second column).

Democracy Watch’s 17-page report details that:

1. Commissioner Bélanger has let off 98% (895 out of 912) of the lobbyists she has caught violating the Act or Code with a secret ruling that hid the identity of the violating lobbyist and did not penalize the violator in any way, according to her annual reports (and she has likely issued even more secret rulings letting off lobbyists that she has not disclosed).

2.  For all 895 violations, Commissioner Bélanger could have issued a public ruling identifying and finding the lobbyist guilty of violating the Lobbyists’ Code as a former Commissioner did in a past case.

3. In addition, Commissioner Bélanger and the RCMP are both currently violating the Access to Information Act (ATIA) by hiding their investigation records in 13 key cases of violations of the Lobbying Act that they both let go without any charges or penalties, including violations by lobbyists for SNC-Lavalin, and likely also including violations by lobbyists for Facebook, WE Charity and others that would have embarrassed the Trudeau Liberal Cabinet. Click here to see details.

4. As well, Commissioner Bélanger let off two lobbyists who clearly violated the Code by helping Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland win an election, and serving on her riding association executive, and then lobbying her office and department soon afterwards. Click here to see details.

5. Also, Commissioner Bélanger conducted annual audits of a sample of lobbyists’ monthly disclosures of their communications with public office holders from 2018 to 2023, but then stopped doing the audits without giving any reason, even though the audits were catching violations.

6. Commissioner Bélanger also gutted key rules in the Code in 2023 in ways that allow for rampant unethical lobbying, ignoring the opposition to the changes from a coalition of 26 citizen groups with 1.5 million total supporters, and 41 lawyers and professors from across Canada, and 20,000+ voters. Click here for details.

7. Commissioner Bélanger has also used her power to grant 31 exemptions to the (loophole-filled) 5-year prohibition on lobbying after leaving public office.

The House Ethics Committee is currently conducting an illegally long-overdue review of the Lobbying Act for the first time since 2012 (the Act is required to be reviewed by a committee every five years).  Commissioner Bélanger’s horrible enforcement record makes it clear that many changes are needed to the Act to require the Commissioner to enforce the Act and Lobbyists’ Code strictly, strongly, effectively and transparently (in addition to closing a “dirty dozen” secret lobbying loopholes in the Act, and closing unethical lobbying loopholes in the Code).

“Commissioner of Lobbying Nancy Bélanger has a negligently weak enforcement record and has let hundreds of lobbyists violate the federal lobbying law and code without identified the lobbyists publicly or penalizing them in any way, and she also gutted the code in ways that allow for unethical lobbying,” said Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch. “To stop rampant secret, unethical lobbying, the House Ethics Committee’s current review of the law must result in recommendations that call for closing all the loopholes, and requiring the Commissioner to enforce the law and code strictly, strongly, effectively and transparently, and to impose a penalty for all violations.”

The 13 violations Commissioner Bélanger and the RCMP are currently hiding include, in at least one of the 13 cases, lobbying by SNC-Lavalin lobbyists during the Trudeau Liberal Cabinet/SNC-Lavalin scandal, likely by former PCO Clerk Kevin Lynch for SNC-Lavalin that was not registered by CEO Neil Bruce (click here to see DWatch’s March 2019 complaint), and by SNC-Lavalin lawyer Robert Pritchard and others.  The violations also likely include the following situations that have never been ruled on publicly by the Commissioner:

1. The unregistered lobbying and favours for Trudeau Liberal Cabinet ministers that Kevin Chan and others at Facebook did (click here to see DWatch’s April 2018 complaint to the Commissioner);

2. The unregistered lobbying that WE Charity lobbyists did of Trudeau Liberal Cabinet ministers from January 2019 to August 2020, and the trip gifts they gave to former Liberal Finance Minister Bill Morneau and his family;

3. The lobbying by Imperial Oil of then-Conservative Party Leader Andrew Scheer, and by CPA Canada of Minister Karina Gould, at a May 2019 event they sponsored, and/or;

4. The lobbying done by associates of Jenni Byrne, then at top adviser to Conservative Party leader Pierre Poilievre.

– 30 –

FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Duff Conacher, Co-founder of Democracy Watch
Tel: (613) 241-5179
Cell: 416-546-3443
Email: [email protected]

Democracy Watch’s Stop Secret, Unethical Lobbying Campaign and Stop Bad Government Appointments Campaign